Financial Independence and Gender Equality

Abstract

This article investigates the multidimensional aspects of financial independence with a particular focus on gender equality. It proposes a comprehensive measurement framework organized around three core dimensions: income, wealth, and power and control. The framework integrates empirical and theoretical perspectives to provide a nuanced understanding of financial independence and its gendered implications. The analysis highlights significant gender disparities in income and employment across the EU and Moldova, with women consistently earning less and facing more barriers in accessing financial resources compared to men. In Moldova, women’s financial vulnerability is exacerbated by their reliance on non-productive income sources such as social benefits and remittances, alongside challenges in accessing credit. The article also explores the dimension of power and control, revealing persistent imbalances in household decision-making where women often have less influence over financial decisions. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to enhance women's financial literacy, improve access to credit, and promote gender equality in decision-making. By considering the intersectionality of gender with other personal and societal factors, this article provides insights into developing more effective strategies to support financial independence and reduce gender disparities. Ongoing reforms and institutional oversight are essential to advancing these goals and achieving a more equitable financial environment. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/dri2024.32; UDC: 330.564.2-055.2(4+478); JEL: J16, J31, D31, G21, I32